In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the flour, sugar, baking powder, salt, and baking soda until evenly combined. Set aside.
In a separate bowl, whisk together the buttermilk, melted butter, vanilla or maple flavoring, and egg until smooth.
Pour the wet ingredients into the dry ingredients and gently stir until just combined. The batter should be slightly lumpy—do not overmix!
Let the batter sit for 20 minutes to allow the buttermilk to activate the baking powder, making your pancakes extra fluffy.
Heat a non-stick skillet or griddle over medium heat and lightly grease with butter.
Ladle about ¼ cup of batter per pancake onto the hot surface.
Cook for 2-3 minutes, or until bubbles form on the surface and the edges look set.
Flip and cook for another 1-2 minutes until golden brown.
Serve warm with homemade maple syrup, fresh fruit, butter, or your favorite toppings!